Symbiotic: Journal of Biological Education and Science

Keanekaragaman Jenis Capung di Kawasan Setu Cileunca Kabupaten Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat

Insan Kurnia — 2024-10-23

Dragonflies (and damselfly) are closely related to ecosystems, both aquatic and terrestrial. Dragonflies act as predators when they are nympha and adults, so they are often used as bioindicators of environmental quality. Setu Cileunca is an artificial reservoir built in 1857 with the main function for electricity generation. This research aims to analyze the dragonfly diversity in Setu Cileunca, West Java. The research was carried out in June 2023 in five habitat types including setu, pine forests, cultivated area, rivers and settlements. Dragonfly data was taken using a 100x20 meter strip method. Quantitative analysis was carried out using (1) chi-square test, (2) diversity index (H'), (3) evenness index (E), and (4) similarity index (IS). There were 19 species of dragonflies found from two sub-orders and six families. The most common species are found in cultivated areas (17 species) while the least common are in pine forest (4 species). The number of individuals found ranged from four individuals (pine forest) to 252 individuals (cultivated area). The chi-square test showed significantly different values for both of number of species and number of individuals. The H' value for all locations is 2.48 and the E value is 0.84. The IS values ranged from 0.17-0.88.

Quality Analysis of Konik with the Addition of Molasses Bioactivator and N-Fixing Bacteria in the Greenhouse of State University of Malang

Nurul Andini Setiawan — 2024-10-23

Waste is a problem faced by various sectors, especially the educational institution sector such as the State University of Malang. This problem can be overcome by composting organic waste such as leaves. The composting time ranges from 5-8 weeks, therefore it is necessary to add bioactivators to speed up the composting time. The research was conducted to analyze the quality of organic compost with the addition of bioactivator molasses and N-fixing bacteria (Bacillus paramycoides). This research was conducted in the Biology Department Laboratory, FMIPA UM, Green House, and in the BSIP Aneka Kacang laboratory for chemical content testing. The research used RAL with descriptive methods to analyze the research data. The treatments in this study were organic compost, water and no bioactivator (P0), organic compost, water and 1.3 ml molasses (P1), organic compost, water and 1.3 ml Bacillus paramycoides (P2), organic compost, water and 3.3 ml Bacillus pacarmycoides (P3), organic compost, water and 4.9 ml Bacillus paramycoides (P4). The results of the study based on physical and chemical analysis which includes, pH, temperature, aroma, texture, color, moisture content have met SNI 7763: 2018, but the results of the total macro nutrient content (N₂+P₂O₅+K₂O) of all treatments still do not meet SNI 7763: 2018 with a minimum content of 2%.

Potensi Substitusi Tepung Ulat Hongkong (Tenebrio molitor) Dalam Pakan Buatan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Platy (Xiphoporus maculatus)

Dwijowati Asih Saputri — 2024-10-23

The Hong Kong caterpillar, which comes from the Tenebrio molitor (TM) insect, contains high levels of protein and fat so it can be used as a substitute for fish meal in fish farming feed, including for platy fish. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of substituting Tenebrio molitor larva flour on the growth and survival of platy fish fry, as well as on the pH and water temperature over a period of 28 days. The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments included control, addition of Hong Kong caterpillar flour at 25% (P1), 50% (P2), 75% (P3) and 100% (P4). Parameters measured included weight and length gain of the fish, survival rate, pH, and water temperature. The research data was analyzed using analysis of variance with SPSS software followed by Least Significant Difference test (LSD). The results showed that substituting feed with TM larva flour could increase both weight gain and length in platy fish compared to the control without reducing survival rates. The best substitution for the growth of platy fish fry was found to be at 100% substitution level (P4). Substitution using TM larva flour also did not cause changes in water temperature or pH levels allowing for healthy growth of platy fry.From these findings it can be concluded that TM larva flour can be used as a substitute for commercial feed as a protein source in feeding platy fry.

Kajian Etnosains Masyarakat tentang Pembuatan Pupuk Kompos sebagai Alternatif Pupuk Anorganik dengan Memanfaatkan Kotoran Kelelawar di Kawasan Ekowisata Pulau kelelawar Desa Ujung Pasir

Emayulia Sastria — 2024-10-23

This research investigates the use of bat guano compost as an alternative to inorganic fertilizers in organic farming practices in the ecotourism area of Bat Island. Ethno Scientific approach and qualitative research methodology are employed to gain deeper understanding of the knowledge, beliefs, traditional practices, and perspectives of the community regarding compost. Data collection methods involved observations and interviews conducted from May to June 2021. Observational activities were carried out through direct observation of the Ujong Pasir location, which serves as the ecotourism area of Bat Island. Research informants included traditional leaders, village government officials, and the local community. The findings reveal that the community possesses extensive knowledge of compost production from bat guano and perceives it as an environmentally friendly and sustainable solution in agriculture. Their perspectives reaffirm the commitment to organic farming and the need for sustainable agricultural practices. Furthermore, collaboration among the community, farmers, and researchers in the development and enhancement of compost utilization demonstrates significant potential for expanding knowledge and implementing organic farming practices within the community. These findings underscore the importance of cross-sectoral collaboration in supporting sustainable agriculture and environmental conservation in ecotourism areas. Further research is recommended to delve deeper into the technical and social aspects of compost utilization, as well as to formulate more effective strategies for promoting the adoption of organic farming practices within the community.

Observasi Perilaku Cicak Pada Perubahan Cuaca Dikawasan Perumahan Kota Bengkulu

Olda Riezqyka — 2024-10-25

Hemidactylus frenatus adalah spesies cicak rumah yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia termasuk di Bengkulu, kondisi iklim diwilayah Bengkulu secara umum dapat digambarkan sebagai berikut: (1) Iklim tropis basah, (2) Curah hujan dan kelembaban tinggi sepanjang tahun (3) Suhu rata-rata berkisar 23-31°C (4) Musim hujan lebih panjang dibanding musim kemarau. Bengkulu memiliki dua musim utama: musim hujan (Oktober-Maret) dan musim kemarau (April-September). Percobaan pengamatan ini dilakukan dengan beberapa tingkatan cuaca terhadap cicak yang berada didinding. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang didukung oleh data kuantitatif berdasarkan paradigma konstruktivisme, pendekatan kualitatif dipilih berkaitan dengan paradigma konstruktivistik yang mengandalkan fenomenologi untuk melihat interpretasi-konstruktif dari peneliti mengenai pemaknaan fenomena yang terjadi. Hemydactilus frenatus memiliki populasi yang besar diseluruh dunia, umumnya ditemukan dibebatuan, pepohonan dan didekat sumber cahaya disebuah bangunan, cicak teramati sebagai predator yang menunggu mangsa secara pasif, dialam cicak memiliki tempat-tempat yang teduh untuk hidup, hal ini juga untuk melindungi dirinya dari predator. Diperumahan cicak umumnya menempati atap rumah, adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim bukan hanya sekedar respons terhadap krisis lingkungan, melainkan investasi jangka panjang dalam keberlanjutan dan ketahanannya. Cicak menunjukkan perubahan perilaku yang signifikan sebagai respons terhadap perubahan cuaca, cicak memiliki kemampuan adaptasi yang baik untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan kondisi lingkungan yang berubah-ubah.

Analisis Efektivitas Program MBKM dari Perspektif Mahasiswa: Peran dan Keterlibatan Organisasi Pendidikan (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Departemen Biologi Universitas Negeri Padang)

Rahmadhani Fitri — 2024-10-25

Organizational development in education is a systematic approach aimed at improving the effectiveness, efficiency, and adaptability of educational institutions. In this context, the role of educational leaders is crucial in fostering a culture of collaboration and innovation. The implementation of the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program in higher education is a transformational initiative that provides flexibility in the learning process and aligns education with the needs of industry and society. This study evaluates the implementation of the MBKM program in the Biology Department of Universitas Negeri Padang from the students' perspective. Using the CIPP evaluation model (Context, Input, Process, and Product), this research collected data from 82 students who participated in MBKM activities. The analysis results indicate that teaching assistance activities are the most favored. The MBKM program is rated effective with an average evaluation of 83.20%, signifying that the program successfully enhances students' additional competencies and skills. The evaluation also shows that the MBKM program has improved students' adaptability to technological changes, 21st-century skills, and readiness for the workforce. Overall, the implementation of MBKM at UNP has positively impacted the organizational development of education, strengthening internal capacities, and enhancing the quality of higher education. Institutions need to continue optimizing the management of information and documentation related to the MBKM program to ensure better implementation in the future.

Potensi Pestisida Nabati Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) dan Biji Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King) Guna Menekan Hama Pada Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.)

Dinaisa Eriyanti — 2024-10-24

One economically valuable horticultural vegetable crop is cayenne peppers (Capsicum frutescens L.). Because plant pests contribute to the reduction in cayenne pepper production, this study aims to determine whether the leaves of the Leucaena leucocephala and the seeds of the Swietenia macrophylla King can be used as botanical pesticides to control pests that attack cayenne pepper plants. An innovative experimental approach was applied in this study. This study utilized a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 125 plants, which included 5 treatments, 5 replications, and 5 groups. We shall undertake this research for a duration of three months. The research was conducted in the yard of the researcher's house in Long Iram City, West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a botanical pesticide on Cayenne Pepper plants. The researchers found that a combination of Lamtoro Leaf extract (Leucaena_Leucocephala) and mahogany seeds (Swietenia macrophylla King) reduced the intensity of insect pest attacks. The T4 treatment, which contained 70% of the extracts, was the most effective botanical pesticide for the plants.

Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan E-Booklet Bernuansa Kontekstual Pada Materi Virus dan Peranannya Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Elektronik Biologi Fase E di SMA Negeri 1 Kecamatan Guguak

Hasna Luthifah — 2024-10-25

The development of ICT has a positive impact on the learning media used. However, it was found that teachers who have not been able to develop ICT-based learning media at SMAN 1 Guguak District. These difficulties are caused by the lack of teachers' skills in utilizing ICT in learning. This study aims to describe the need to develop electronic-based learning media in the form of e-booklets with contextual nuances for Phase E students at SMAN 1 Guguak District. The e-booklet is designed concisely, systematically and given examples of the environment around students. Students will understand the benefits of the knowledge gained for their daily lives. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The instruments used in the research were student questionnaires containing questions about the process and use of learning media for class XI Phase F and interview guide sheets for biology teachers of SMAN 1 Kec. The subjects of this study consisted of 60 students of Class XI Phase F and one Biology teacher of SMAN 1 Guguak District. Data analysis was carried out using a descriptive qualitative approach, which involved collecting qualitative data and providing descriptive explanations. According to research, all students need electronic learning materials such as e-booklets, and among biology course content that is considered difficult to understand, 38.8% of students cite virus materials. Furthermore, 100% of students support the use of e-booklets that provide contextual intricacies to make learning more relevant.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Pestisida Nabati Terhadap Intensitas Serangan Serangga Hama Pada Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Nurwana Nurwana — 2024-10-24

The Effect of Combination of White Ginger (Zingiber officinale var Amarum) and Bay Leaf (Syzygium polyantum) Botanical Pesticides on the Intensity of Insect Pest Attacks on Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.). This study aims to determine the effect of the combination and to determine the most effective concentration for reducing insect pest attacks on tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum). The type of research used is an experiment using a randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 5 treatments, namely, T0 (Control), T1 (15%), T2 (30%), T3 (45%), and T4 (60%) with 5 repetitions. Then analyzed using 1-way Anova. Based on the results of the calculation of 28 HST, where Fcount (123.28) > (4.77), at 42 HST Fcount (93.66) > (4.77), at 56 HST Fcount (59.52) > (4.77), at 70 HST Fcount (30.85) > (4.77), and at 84 HST Fcount (33.93) > (4.77). So the most effective concentration in suppressing insect pests is the concentration of T4 (60%). Based on data analysis, there is a very real effect of administering the plant pesticides White Ginger (Zingiber officinale var Amarum) and Bay Leaves (Syzygium polyantum) on the intensity of insect pest attacks on tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.).