Callus growth of red starfruit (Baccaurea angulata) leaves with the addition 2,4-D (dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) and kinetin

Abstrak

Red starfruit (Baccaurea angulata) is a fruit endemic to Kalimantan which is used as a food source and natural medicinal ingredient. The fruit produced is often found without seeds, which is one of the obstacles in generative propagation. Tissue culture is an alternative for propagating red starfruit to obtain seedling or secondary metabolites through callus culture. The research objective was to determine the effect of 2,4-D and kinetin on the callus growth and to obtain the best concentration to induce callus. Experimental research using factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), namely 2,4-D (0;0.5;1.0;1.5;2.0;2.5 ppm) and kinetin (0;0.5;1.0;1.5;2.0;2.5 ppm). Observation parameters included the time of callus emergence (after planting), wet and dry weight of the callus (g), color and texture of the callus. The results showed that the combination of 2,4-D and kinetin had a significant effect on the time of callus emergence, but didn’t on the wet and dry weight of the callus. The fastest callus emergence time was obtained of 2.5 ppm 2,4-D and 0.5 ppm kinetin, 1.5 ppm 2,4-D, and 2.5 ppm kinetin namely 6 DAP. The callus color produced is white, brown and brownish  with a friable and compact callus texture. Another response that emerged was root growth.